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OOTY

OOTY

Udhagamandalam , generallyabbreviated Udhagai and higher called Ooty (About this sound listen is a town, a municipality, and also the district capital of the Nilgiris district within the Indian state of province. It is situated eighty kilometre north of Coimbatore. it's a well-liked hill station situated within thehills. Originally occupied by the Todas, the realm came below the rule of the Malay ArchipelagoCompany at the top of the eighteenth century. Today, the town's economy is primarily based ontouristry and agriculture, on with manufacture of medicines and photographic film. The city is connected to the remainder of Republic of India by road and rail, and its historic sites and natural beauty attract tourists.[4] As of 2011, the city had a population of eighty eight,430.The origin of the name Udhagamandalam is obscure. the primary mention of the place happens Associate in Nursing exceedingly|in a very} letter of March 1821 to the Madras Gazette from an unknown correspondent as Wotokymund.[5] In early times it had been known as OttaikalMandu. "Mund" is that the Tamil word for a Toda village, and also the 1st a part of the name is perhaps a corruption of the native name for the central region of the Nilgiri tableland.[6] Another likely origin of the stem of the name (Ootaca) comes from the local language during which Otha-Cal literally means Single Stone. this can be maybe a regard to a sacred stone revered by the native Toda folks. The namein all probability modified below British rule from Udhagamandalam to Ootacamund, and later was shortened to Ooty. oty is set deep inside the Nilagiri hills (which is virtually translated because the Blue Mountains). it's unknown whether or not this name arises from the blue smoky haze given off by the eucalyptus trees that cowl the realm or from the kurunji flower, which blooms every twelve years giving the slopes a bluish tinge.[5] Nilgiris generally was dominated by Ganga kings and later by Hoysala kings, significantly Vishnuvardhana United Nations agency captured Wynad and Nilgiri space throughout the eleventh centuryike structure.It was originally a social group land and was occupied by the Todas at the side of different tribesUnited Nations agency coexisted through specialisation and trade. the foremost tribes of Nilagirispace area unit Todas, Kotas, Badagas and Alu Kurumbas, United Nations agency settled in and around Ooty. the primary reference of Todas in Nilgiri is found during a record dated 1117 A.D. Toda people are known for raising water buffaloes and Badaga people for his or her farming activities.[9] Frederick value in his book Ootacamund, A History states that the realm called 'Old Ooty' was originally occupied by the Todas. The Todas then handed over that a part of the city to John Sullivan, the then Governor of Coimbatore. Sullivan later developed the city and inspired theinstitution of tea, chinchona, and teak trees. Like several of the settlers, Sullivan was extremelyaffected by the means the tribes cooperated, and sought to keep up this balance. He later campaigned inexhaustibly to make sure land rights and cultural recognition for these tribes and was financially and socially tortured for this by the British Government.[9]The Nilgiri territory came into possession of Malay Archipelago Company as a part of the ceded lands, command by tipu tree swayer, by the written agreement of Srirangapatnam in 1799.

OOTY

Rev. Jacome Forico, a priest, was the primary European United Nations agency visited Nilgiris in 1603 and free his notesconcerning the place and also the folks of Nilgiris. In 1812 surveyor William Keys and Macmohan visited the highest of the tableland. In 1818, would like and Kindersley, Assistant and Second Assistant to Collector of Coimbatore visited this spot and submitted their expertise report back tothe Collector of Coimbatore John Sullivan. John Sullivan together with his party proceeded to Nilgiri Mountain and camped at Dimbhatti, simply north of Kotagiri in Gregorian calendar month 1819 and was enthralled by the sweetness of the place. He wrote to Thomas Hector Hugh Munro - " ... it resembles European country, more than any country of Europe... the hills beautifully wooded and fine strong spring with running water in every valley"Again in May 1819, Sullivan came to the Hill of Ooty and began the construction of his cottage at Dimbhatti (near Kotagiri), the primaryEuropean dwelling on the hills. John Sullivan set the trail from Sirumugai (near-Mattupalayam) to Dimbhatti in 1819 and also the work was completed in could 1823. The route up to Coonoor wasset in 1830-32.Ooty served as the summer capital of the Madras Presidency and other small kingdoms, much visited by British during the colonial days, and as these days, a well-liked summer and weekend resort. troopers were conjointly sent here and to near Wellington (the home of the Madras regiment to the current day) to recuperate. Its beautiful beauty and splendidinexperienced deep valleys impressed the British to call it Queen of Hill Stations.From could to Oct annually throughout the recent season, the Madras Government and itsofficers, the Governor, and his family, visited the govt. House within the hills. One governor, Sir Arthur Lawley (1906-1911), was associate degree accomplished horseman, a top quality loved by the Indian princes of the Madras Presidency. He enjoyed looking with the Ooty hounds and wasoftentimes joined by shut friends just like the maharaja of Mysore. “Hunting, that had been the eagerness of his youth in European country, in all probability appealed to him quite the othersort of recreation, and he was a fine shot with a rifle and brought home several of the trophies – tiger, panther and bovid – that the Southern Indian jungles area unit well famed.” [12] The Governor’s Residence, Government House, was the main target of activity and there was a splendid Club House with a fine links, polo, swimming and court game. Snooker is alleged to ownoriginated on the table game tables of the Ootacamund Club, fancied by a military officer – Sir Neville Francis Fitzgerald Chamberlain. There was conjointly a cricket ground with regular matchesvie between groups from the military, the Indian government officials and also the business

OOTY

. Visiting groups would return from numerous components of Republic of India similarly as from the island of Ceylon. there have been riding stables and kennels at Ooty and also the Ootacamund Hounds afraid across the encompassing rural area and also the open grasslands of the Wenlock Downs, named when Sir Arthur Lawley’s brother Beilby Lawley, third Baron Wenlock. There werepurpose to purpose Races and Gymkhanas, and horse riding was a awfully common interest. The maharajas, the business fraternity and also the senior civil servants had summer cottages at Ooty. there have been churches like St Stephen’s and St Thomas’s and traditional inns. it had beenin many ways a re-creation of previous European country. once the Governor was in residence the Union Jack flew over Government House and a six gun salute would announce his arrival and departure. The misty blue haze of the hills, and also the fragrant mountain rains were a welcome change from the sultry heat of Madras.Ooty is reached via winding hill roads or a complicated rack railway system, called the Nilgiri Mountain Railway, engineered in 1908 by burning and enterprising British voters with venture capital from the Madras government.In 1882, a Swiss engineer named Arthur Riggenbach came to the hills on letter of invitation from Government of Republic of India and he submittedelaborate estimates for a line cost accounting £132,000. an area company named “The Nilgiri Rigi Railway Co. Ltd.” was shaped, and also the Government offered it free land. This company insisted on a secured come of four wheel drive, that wasn't acceptable, and also the projected railway, once again, had to be shelved. In 1885, another Nilgiri Railway Company was shaped and, in 1886,coming up with work commenced, exploitation the Abt system with 2 adjacent toothed rails within the centre of the one metre gauge track. The work on the road commenced in August 1891 onceSir Arthur Lawley’s brother, Beilby Lawley, third Baron Wenlock, the then Governor of Madras, turned the primary turf to start construction. The Mettupalayam-Coonoor section of the track was opened for traffic on fifteen Gregorian calendar month 1899. In January 1903, the Indian Government purchased the road, and took over the construction of the new extension from Coonoor to Ooty. The Nilgiri Mountain Railway was operated by the previous Madras Railway Company until 31 December 1907 on the behalf of the govt.. In Gregorian calendar month 1908, the railway line was handed over to South Indian Railways. Construction continued . The line from Coonoor to Fernhill was completed on 15 September 1908 and reached Ooty, one month later. On Oct fifteen, Sir Arthur Lawley, Governor of Madras, officiated at the gap ceremony of the new railway to Ootacamund.[16][17][18]Contrary to the thought that a lot of of the native economy is currentlydominated by touristry, Ooty remains a offer base and town for the encompassing space thatremains mostly addicted to agriculture, notably the cultivation of "English Vegetables" and "English Fruits" grown locally. This primarily consists of potato, carrot, cabbage and cauliflower and also thefruits being peaches, plums, pears and strawberries. there's a daily wholesale auction of thoseproduct at the Ooty Municipal Market, that is one among the most important retail markets inRepublic of India.[citation needed] farming has long been gift within the space and there's a cooperative farm in Ooty producing cheese and skim milk powderof the nativeagricultural business, sure analysis institutes area unit primarily based in Ooty. These include aconservation center, placental mammal farm and a potato analysis farm. Efforts area unit beingcreated to diversify the vary of native crops with horticulture and Sericulture being introduced in the native space, similarly because the cultivation of mushrooms.Hindustan Photo Films, the film manufacturer, is additionally a serious business in Ooty. this can be situated on the outskirts of the city at Indu Nagar.Human Biologicals Institute, which manufactures Human Rabies Vaccine is present in Ooty near Pudumand. different producingindustries area unit situated within the outskirts of Ooty. the foremost vital of those area unit in Ketti (manufacture of needles); Aruvankadu (manufacture of cordite) and Coonoor (manufacture ofzoonotic disease vaccine). house industries within the space as well as chocolate, pickle manufacture and woodwork. home-brewed chocolates area unit common among the tourists and also the locals.
Though the local area is understood for tea cultivation, this crop is not any longer fully grown nor processed in Ooty. Tea is additional economically fully grown at slightly lower altitude and thusCoonoor and Kotagiri area unit native centres of tea cultivation and process.

OOTY