KANHERI CAVES
The Kanheri Caves (Sanskrit: कान्हेरीगुहाः Kānherī-guhāḥ) area unit a bunch of caves and rock-cut monuments shaped from a colossal volcanic rock outcrop within the forests of the Sanjay Gandhi parkland, on the western outskirts of city, India. They contain Buddhist sculptures and relief carvings, paintings and inscriptions, qualitative analysis from the first century BCE to the tenth century atomic number 58. Kanheri comes from the Indo-Aryan Krishnagiri, which suggests black mountain.The site is on a incline, and is accessed via rock cut steps. The cave advanced includes 100 and 9 caves, graven from the volcanic rock rock and qualitative analysis from the first century BCE to the tenth century atomic number 58.The oldest area unit comparatively plain and unclothed, in distinction to later caves on the positioning, and also the extremely embellished Elephanta Caves of city. every cave features a stone footstall that functioned as a bed. A congregation hall with large stone pillars contains a stupa (a Buddhist shrine). Rock-cut channels on top of the caves fed fresh water into cisterns, that provided the advanced with water.
Once the caves were regenerate to permanent monasteries, their walls were graven with knotty reliefs of Buddha and also the Bodhisattvas. Kanheri had become a vital Buddhist settlement on the Konkan coast by the third century atomic number 58. Most of the caves area unit used because the Buddhist viharas, meant for living, studying, and meditating. The larger caves, that functioned as chaityas, or halls for congregational worship, area unit lined with in an elaborate way graven Buddhist sculptures, reliefs, pillars and rock-cut stupas. The Avalokiteshwara is that the most distinctive figure. the massive range of viharas demonstrates the well organized institution of Buddhist monks. This institution was additionally connected with several trade centers, like the ports of Sopara, Kalyan, Nasik, Paithan and Ujjain.
Kanheri was a University center by the time the realm was underneath the rule of the Maurayan and Kushan empires. within the late tenth century, the Buddhist teacher Atisha (980–1054) came to the Krishnagiri Vihara to review Buddhist meditation underneath Rahulagupta.Nearly fifty one fair inscriptions and twenty six epigraphs area unit found at Kanheri, that embody the inscriptions in script, syllabic script and three Pahlavi[6] epigraphs found in Cave ninety. one amongst the many inscriptions mentions regarding the wedding of Satavahana ruler Vashishtiputra Satakarni with the female offspring of Rudradaman . A 494-495 atomic number 58 inscription found at Kanheri mentions the Traikutaka sept.
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